• Posture instability: The patient may have short, hesitant steps initially and then longer, faster steps that they cannot stop immediately. Additionally, there may be a stooped posture, arms that do not swing, or a rigid, robotic-like gait.
• Masking face: The patient may have a blank facial expression, and when they speak, there might be minimal lifting of the corners of the mouth, giving the impression of a lack of emotional expression.
• Speak quietly: Patient has unclear speech, or experience voice loss in the throat. Others might speak rapidly with a consistent volume level and may drool at the corners of the mouth.

Treatment

To support patient’s quality of life.

• Taking medication to supplement dopamine levels is used in the early to mid-stages of the disease to help remaining nerve cells function better. Doctors adjust medications based on symptoms.
• Physical therapy, such as walking, sitting, sleeping, speaking, and posture exercises, enables patients to move correctly and lead lives close to normal.
• Deep Brain Stimulation surgery implants electrodes to stimulate the brain, often for patients with early-stage symptoms or complications from long-term medication use, helping regulate abnormal brain cell activity.

Cares for patient with Parkinson’s disease

• Patients with this disease may have movement problems due to tremors and difficulty controlling their walking, which could lead to accidents. Caregivers should assist patients with daily routines and activities.
• Take care of proper nutrition diet and ensure that medication is taken as per the doctor prescribed. 
• In terms of mental health, patients with this disease may experience changes in mood and behavior. They may try to isolate themselves from social situations and fear being left alone or not cared for, leading to feelings of deep sadness and loss of motivation. Family members should provide close support and strive to understand the disease the patient is experiencing.
• Encourage the patient to regularly engage in physical therapy to improve posture and walking ability. If walking is difficult, use a cane for support.
• When caring for a bedridden patient, it is important to be vigilant when feeding. Feed them slowly with small bites, as they may be at risk of choking or developing infections.
• Take care of hygiene and regularly turn the patient every 2 hours to prevent bedsores.